Der Iran versucht auf umweltfreundlicher Erdgaskraftwerke zu setzen. Und Thermalkraftwerke. Die Trumpische Kriegsführung erschwert dies enorm.
Climate Changed
U.S. Sanctions Are Forcing Iran to Ditch Push to Cleaner Fuels
Iran is about to burn a lot more fuel oil as a result of U.S. sanctions and new global shipping rules, reversing the nation’s progress in switching to cleaner-burning natural gas.
Power plants and other industrial facilities will burn more than 200,000 barrels a day of highly polluting fuel oil next year, double the amount Iran used in 2018, according to a forecast by Iain Mowat of consultant Wood Mackenzie Ltd.
Dabei zeigte die Umsteuerung im Iran bereits erste Früchte.The situation will only worsen once the International Maritime Organization restricts the use of high-sulfur fuel oil for most vessels starting Jan. 1. Commercial ships and power stations are the two main sources of demand for fuel oil. By curbing the shipping industry’s appetite, the UN agency’s new measure will leave Iran little choice but to burn more fuel oil at home to generate electricity.
Es ist natürlich überflüssig zu erwähnen, daß das nicht nur ein Problem Irans bleibt. Die US-Sanktionen. Was der Iran jetzt in die Umwelt powert und das ist bei seiner Größe auch nicht gering, geht wie bei China, die USA, Indien usw. in das Weltklima.Cleaner power
Iran has cut the use of fuel oil at its power stations
Iran’s use of fuel oil to produce electricity peaked in 2013 and has since fallen sharply as the country’s power plants switched to cleaner-burning natural gas. In the Iranian year ending in March 2018, they consumed about a quarter of the fuel oil they burned four years earlier, according to state-owned Thermal Power Plants Holding Co. A TPPH representative wasn’t immediately available to comment on the outlook for future consumption.
The resurgence in Iranian fuel-oil demand threatens to make the country’s notorious air pollution even worse. Fuel oil contains much more sulfur than natural gas does. Power plants emit these pollutants, blamed for causing acid rain and contributing to human health conditions such as asthma and even lung cancer.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles ... aner-fuels
Jetzt kann man sich als Trump-Anhänger damit beruhigen, das der Klimawandel eine Erfindung Chinas wäre, wie Trump meint.
Renewables Are Booming in Iran
The renewable energy sector is booming in Iran. Despite being an energy superpower, the economy’s high reliance on oil has negatively affected Iran’s economic security and environmental sustainability. Coupled with facing the threat of climate change, Iranian policy-makers have been compelled to prioritize environmental policy and utilize foreign investment and oil revenue to boost the country’s renewable energy sector.
The Oil Problem and Climate Change
Iran has the world’s fourth largest proven oil reserves and the world’s second largest proven reserves of natural gas. However, the country’s dependence on oil exports has threatened its economic security by making the country vulnerable to oil price fluctuations and the United States’ extraterritorial sanctions. In addition, Government enlargement, due to high dependence on oil revenues, has further undermined economic diversification.
Ob die Umkehr und Umschwung mit Trump im Iran so weitergehen kann ist schwer zu bezweifeln. Auch wenn Donald absehbar irgendwann weg ist, ist das verlorene Zeit. Für Iran und für das Klima insgesamt (Trump betreffend nicht nur im Iran...)Government Response
The Iranian climate’s high potential for the production of solar and wind energy provided an opportunity. In order to overcome the challenges posed by the country’s dependency on oil and climate change, policy-makers understood that long-term investment in the renewables sector would allow the economy to become more self-sufficient, less vulnerable to oil price fluctuations and international sanctions, and more adaptable to climate change.
To that end, the Energy Ministry guaranteed to purchase the output of renewable energy plants for 20 years and provided tax exemptions for renewable energy plants for between 5 and 13 years. In addition, the government increased guaranteed purchase price by 30% for companies that use domestic technology and facilitated the permit issuance process. These measures were in line with the country’s commitments under the 2015 Paris Climate Change Agreement. According to the climate accord, Iran pledged to reduce greenhouse emissions by 4% in 2030.
Im Iran stellt man sich zuversichtlich.The Iran Deal and Foreign Investment
The 2015 nuclear agreement between Iran and world powers, which came into force on 16 January 2016, opened the country’s untapped market to foreign investment. The deal provided an opportunity for Iran to boost renewable sources of nuclear, solar, geothermal, and wind energy. Subsequently, a number of European renewable energy companies, including Norway’s Saga Energy and UK’s Quercus, heavily invested in Iranian renewable energy projects. Europeans faced limited competition due to absence of American firms in the Iranian market. The deal had only lifted US’ nuclear-related secondary sanctions, and not the primary sanctions that had barred direct American investment in Iran. From January 2016 to April 2017, EU countries invested $3.6bn in the country’s energy sector.
During the first Iran-EU Business forum on sustainable energy, held in April 2017, former Minister of Energy H.E. Chitchain expressed that the number of wind and solar power plants increased about 7 times from 2015 to 2016, with the capacity of wind and solar power plants having increased from 140MW to 350MW from 2014 to 2017.
Return of Sanctions
President Trump’s withdrawal from the nuclear agreement in May 2018 damaged European investment in Iran. UK’s Quercus, for example, halted the construction of a 500 million euro ($570 million) solar power plant.
Nonetheless, some European companies such as Germany’s Durion Energy have decided to stay in Iran. Given that these companies no access to the US market, the recently imposed sanctions will have little impact on their investment.
Trump behindert wo er nur kann. Im Iran kommt das nicht gut an. Man hat dort gelernt, das Deals bei denen man sich freiwillig zurückgenommen hat nichts wert sind. Stattdessen wird der Wirtschaftskrieg eröffnet. Es wird zwar so sein, daß die Technologie (egal in welcher Branche) noch da sein wird, wenn Trump längst Geschichte ist, aber im Moment ist der Mann einfach eine Belastung. Auch fürs Klima.Progress Continues
According to Mohammad Sadeqzadeh, Iran’s director of Renewable Energy and Electrical Energy Efficiency Organization, despite the return of US sanctions, “one large-scale renewable energy plant and tens of small-scale ones are coming into operation every week.” In August, for example, Iran inaugurated its largest wind farm. The 61.4 MW wind farm, commissioned in the Qazvin province, was established with an investment which reached more than 86 million euros. This wind farm alone will help prevent annual emission of 110,000 metric tons of greenhouse gases. Currently, Iran has approximately 141 megawatts of installed wind power.
Earlier this month, Iran signaled its readiness to transfer and export renewable electricity to Iraq, Oman, Afghanistan, Turkey, Armenia, and Tajikistan. Sadeqzadeh recently announced that “with the new 450 MW of under-construction power plants being added to the current capacity”, the capacity of renewable power plants will reach 1100 MW by March 2019.
https://medium.com/age-of-awareness/ren ... 781650669d
Mit Trump wird das nicht so schnell mehr als ein Prozent.Iran’s Ministry of Energy has announced that the country is currently generating around one percent of its electricity, some 760 megawatts a year, from renewable sources, including from wind, solar, small hydro, recycled heat and biomass.
https://www.presstv.com/Detail/2019/07/ ... statistics